8 Essential Points to Understand About OPT Jobs in the USA for International Students

8 Essential Points to Understand About OPT Jobs in the USA for International Students

Navigating the U.S. job market as an international student can be challenging, especially when it comes to finding opportunities through Optional Practical Training (OPT). OPT provides a pathway for international students to gain practical experience in their field of study. Here are eight crucial points you need to know about OPT jobs in the USA:

1. What is OPT?

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a program that allows international students in the United States to work temporarily in a field directly related to their major area of study. Students can apply for OPT both during and after completing their degree. This hands-on work experience can be invaluable for career development and future employment opportunities.

2. Types of OPT: Pre-Completion and Post-Completion

OPT is divided into two categories: pre-completion and post-completion. Pre-completion OPT can be utilized while students are still pursuing their studies, allowing them to work part-time (up to 20 hours per week) while school is in session and full-time during breaks. Post-completion OPT begins after a student has graduated and allows them to work full-time in their field of study.

3. Eligibility Criteria

To qualify for OPT, students must be enrolled full-time at a U.S. institution for at least one academic year. OPT is available to students in F-1 visa status, and it is essential to maintain this status throughout the application process and employment period. Additionally, students must apply for OPT through the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) and receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) before they can start working.

4. Application Process

The application process for OPT involves several steps. First, students must receive a recommendation from their Designated School Official (DSO). After obtaining this recommendation, students must file Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, with the USCIS. It is advisable to apply early, as the processing time can take several months. Students should keep in mind that they cannot begin working until they have received their EAD card.

5. Duration and Extension of OPT

The standard duration for OPT is 12 months. However, students who have completed a degree in a STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) field may be eligible for a 24-month extension, known as the STEM OPT extension. This extension allows students to work in the U.S. for up to three years after graduation. To qualify for the STEM OPT extension, students must be employed by an employer enrolled in the E-Verify program.

6. Finding OPT Jobs

Securing an OPT job requires effort and strategic planning. Networking, attending career fairs, and utilizing university career services can significantly enhance job search efforts. It’s crucial to start looking for OPT opportunities early, ideally before graduation. Many companies have specific hiring periods, and being proactive can increase your chances of finding a suitable position.

7. Understanding Employment Requirements

OPT employment must be directly related to the student’s major area of study. This means the job duties should align with what you have studied. It’s essential to keep documentation and evidence that your employment is related to your field of study, as this may be required during future immigration applications or audits.

8. Transitioning from OPT to H-1B Visa

Many international students use OPT as a stepping stone to transition to an H-1B visa, a non-immigrant visa that allows U.S. businesses to hire foreign laborers for specialized jobs. The H-1B visa process involves a lottery system, and having OPT experience can make you a more attractive candidate to potential employers. It is important to be aware of the H-1B application timeline and requirements, as securing an H-1B visa can ensure continued employment in the U.S.

Final Thoughts

Navigating OPT as an international student requires careful planning and understanding of the rules and regulations. It offers a unique opportunity to gain practical experience and establish a professional network in the United States. By being proactive and informed, you can make the most of your OPT period and pave the way for a successful career in your field of study.

For more detailed information and resources, it’s always advisable to consult with your university’s international student office or a qualified immigration attorney to ensure you are on the right track and making the most of your OPT experience.